As artificial intelligence accelerates at a breathtaking pace, filmmaker Daniel Roher sets out to understand whether humanity is approaching an extraordinary new era or a catastrophe of its own making. What begins as a personal investigation becomes far more urgent when he and his wife learn they are expecting a child. Faced with predictions ranging from revolutionary medical breakthroughs and powerful new tools for creativity to mass unemployment, deepfakes, autonomous systems and even existential risk, he asks some of the world’s leading AI thinkers a deceptively simple question: should we be excited about the future, or terrified of it? The film explores how generative AI works, why its capabilities are advancing so quickly and what could happen if increasingly powerful systems become difficult to control. Experts debate AI safety and alignment, the race between competing companies, the possibility of machines seeking greater power, and the social consequences of automation and concentrated wealth. At the same time, the documentary confronts the technology’s remarkable promise, from personalized education to scientific discovery and potential cancer treatments. Moving between anxiety and hope, Roher ultimately searches for a way to face an uncertain future not as a pessimist or a blind optimist, but as something in between: an “Apocaloptimist.”
From a small and aggressive republic fighting for survival in the ancient Mediterranean to an empire that dominated much of the known world, Rome’s story is one of extraordinary ambition, conquest and transformation. The documentary follows the decisive struggles that shaped its rise, from the wars with Carthage and Hannibal to the upheavals of Spartacus, Julius Caesar and the collapse of the Republic, before Augustus establishes a new imperial order. Military power, political rivalry, engineering, law, spectacle and ruthless violence combine to reveal how Rome created a civilization of unprecedented scale, but also planted the seeds of its own destruction. At its height, the empire reaches astonishing levels of wealth and power under rulers such as Trajan and Marcus Aurelius, yet the system becomes increasingly difficult to control. Plague, civil conflict, destructive emperors such as Commodus, religious transformation and mounting pressure from Germanic peoples, Goths, Vandals and other invaders gradually weaken the foundations of Roman authority. From the Colosseum and the grandeur of imperial Rome to Attila and the invasions that accelerate its collapse, the two-part series shows how one of history’s greatest superpowers ultimately became a warning about the dangers of unchecked power and overextension. Presented here with both episodes combined into a single video, viewers can follow the complete rise and fall of Rome without interruption.
In the final three episodes, the series follows animals being pushed to the edge as melting ice, extreme heat and prolonged drought reshape the environments they depend on. In the Himalayas, a snow leopard is forced from familiar territory, while an Arctic ground squirrel in Alaska undertakes an extraordinary migration and a young Arctic fox in Svalbard faces her first winter alone. These cold-adapted animals must rapidly change behaviours that once worked for generations as their frozen worlds become increasingly unstable. The struggle then shifts to the opposite extreme, where wombats, leopards and kangaroo rats are tested by record heat and worsening drought, pushing their remarkable physical and behavioural adaptations to their limits. In the final episode, attention turns to the people working directly to help wildlife survive these new extremes, revealing rescue efforts, scientific interventions and conservation strategies in some of the planet’s harshest environments. Together, these final chapters show that survival now depends not only on the animals’ ability to adapt, but increasingly on how far humans are willing to go to protect them.
A mass grave at Zultepec, Mexico, containing more than 400 mutilated skeletons forces archaeologists to reconsider one of the most familiar stories of the Spanish conquest. Led by Aztec specialist Elizabeth Baquedano, the investigation follows forensic clues hidden in skulls, bones and artifacts to identify the victims and reconstruct what happened. Some remains prove to be European, including women, while Spanish-made iron objects and evidence of horses link the dead directly to the conquistadors who entered Mexico in the early sixteenth century. The evidence reveals a far more violent confrontation than the traditional image of an easy Spanish victory. Captured Spaniards and members of their entourage appear to have been imprisoned, ritually sacrificed, dismembered and, in some cases, consumed as part of ceremonial practices. By combining archaeology, forensic anthropology and Aztec codices, the documentary shows that indigenous resistance to the conquistadors could be organized, successful and terrifyingly effective, transforming Zultepec into crucial physical evidence of a conflict that history had long oversimplified.
Professor Brian Cox joins Chris Lintott and the team to investigate one of the most intriguing new mysteries in modern astronomy. Observations from the James Webb Space Telescope have revealed hundreds of compact, extraordinarily bright objects known as “little red dots”, appearing less than a billion years after the Big Bang. Many may hide rapidly growing supermassive black holes, raising a profound question: how could such enormous objects have formed so early in cosmic history? The journey begins with the strange physics of black holes themselves, from event horizons and singularities to the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way and the gigantic black hole in the galaxy M87. With cosmologist Emma Chapman and Professor Sadegh Khochfar, the programme explores radical explanations for these ancient monsters, including primordial black holes born soon after the Big Bang and massive black holes formed directly from collapsing clouds of gas, bypassing stars altogether. Cutting-edge computer simulations recreate the first billion years of the universe and reveal how the earliest galaxies and black holes may have emerged within the cosmic web. These discoveries are forcing astronomers to reconsider not only how supermassive black holes grow, but how galaxies and the early universe itself evolved.
In the final two episodes, the journey reaches the Pacific edge of North America and the remote wilderness of Patagonia, two spectacular regions shaped by powerful oceans, towering forests and extreme weather. Along the West Coast, wolves comb the shoreline for food, sea otters battle crashing surf, blue whales gather in a rare display of speed and movement, and giant Pacific octopuses devote everything to protecting the next generation. High in the redwood canopy, even tiny salamanders perform extraordinary leaps to survive, revealing how life has adapted to one of the continent’s most dramatic coastal environments. The series then travels to the far south of the Americas, where Patagonia delivers a fittingly wild finale. Pumas stalk guanacos through snowy mountains, rockhopper penguins fight their way through violent waves to reach their colonies, giant stag beetles climb immense trees to compete for mates, and elephant seals clash for dominance along the coast. In one of the most remarkable scenes, a family of orcas passes down a dangerous hunting technique from one generation to the next, showing how survival here depends not only on strength, but also on experience, cooperation and learning.
The film explores how generative AI works, why its capabilities are advancing so quickly and what could happen if increasingly powerful systems become difficult to control. Experts debate AI safety and alignment, the race between competing companies, the possibility of machines seeking greater power, and the social consequences of automation and concentrated wealth. At the same time, the documentary confronts the technology’s remarkable promise, from personalized education to scientific discovery and potential cancer treatments. Moving between anxiety and hope, Roher ultimately searches for a way to face an uncertain future not as a pessimist or a blind optimist, but as something in between: an “Apocaloptimist.”